Bonga fish, also known as the bonga shad or simply bonga, is a species of clupeid fish that is found along the coasts and in brackish waters of western Africa. It is a popular fish among West African coastal and lagoon fishing communities and is a significant food source in West and Central Africa.
The Bonga Fishery
Bonga fish is caught by inshore small-scale fisheries using seine fishing from boats or by beach seines. It can also be caught using gill nets. The fishery for bonga is an important economic activity for many communities in the region.
Use in Fish Meal
Bonga fish is also used to make fish meal, a powder that is exported around the world and used to feed farmed fish in countries like Norway and China. However, this practice has raised concerns in countries like Gambia, where environmentalists argue that overfishing of bonga for fish meal is driving up prices for locals. Additionally, the waste from fish meal plants has been linked to environmental damage.
Preparation and Consumption
One of the most common methods of preparing bonga fish is smoke-drying. The fish is smoke-dried for 2 to 5 days, depending on its size and the market demand. Smoke-drying is done over a fire, where the fish is placed on sticks, bars, or wire mesh trays about 1 meter from the floor. The fish is first cooked over a high fire and then the fire is reduced to a smoldering fire, which is kept going for as long as necessary. The smoke-drying process preserves the fish and gives it a unique flavor.
Smoke-drying of fish is different from fish smoking as it is known in Europe and North America, where smoking is used to impart flavor. The smoke-drying process is primarily a drying method to preserve the fish in the absence of refrigeration. A well-smoked bonga fish can be stored for several months under ambient conditions.
Nutritional Value
Bonga fish is not only a delicious delicacy but also a nutritious food source. It is rich in protein, omega-3 fatty acids, vitamins, and minerals. The fish is low in fat and calories, making it a healthy choice for those looking to maintain a balanced diet.
- What is the shelf life of smoked bonga fish?
- What does a pack of peeled bonga fish contain?
- What is bonga fish called in Yoruba?
If properly stored, well-dried smoked bonga fish can keep for up to 6 months. It is recommended to store it in a tightly sealed bag and keep it in the refrigerator or freezer, depending on how long you plan to keep it.
A pack of peeled bonga fish typically contains 10 pieces of fish.
In Yoruba, bonga fish is known as shawa.
In conclusion, smoked bonga fish is a popular delicacy in West Africa, particularly in coastal and lagoon fishing communities. It is not only delicious but also provides essential nutrients. However, the fishery for bonga and its use in fish meal production have raised concerns about overfishing and environmental damage. When consuming smoked bonga fish, it is important to ensure proper storage to maintain its quality and freshness. Whether enjoyed as a snack or used in cooking, smoked bonga fish is a culinary delight that showcases the rich flavors of West African cuisine.
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